The High Cost of Stability in Aldous Huxleys Brave New...

The High Cost of Stability in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Conditioning the citizens to like what they have and reject what they do not have is an authoritative government’s ideal way of maximizing efficiency. The citizens will consume what they are told to, there will be no brawls or disagreements and the state will retain high profits from the earnings. People can be conditioned chemically and physically prior to birth and psychologically afterwards. The novel, Brave New World, takes place in the future, 632 A. F. (After Ford), where biological engineering reaches new heights. Babies are no longer born viviparously, they are now decanted in bottles passed through a 2136 metre assembly line. Pre-natal conditioning of embryos†¦show more content†¦Babies receive electric shocks in the presence of flowers and books so that they will grow up with what the psychologists †¦ call an ‘instinctive’ hatred of books and flowers †¦ they’ll be safe from books and botany all their lives (Huxley, 18). The conditioning of the children forms a barrier in their minds, so that they are never free to decide for themselves, but are always bounded by the instructions of the state. Hypnopaedia is another form of psychological conditioning. It is used to teach moral education. While they sleep, the children of the new world are drilled with moral education such as when the individual feels, the community reels, [and ] †¦cleanliness is next to fordliness (Huxley, 98). These phrases are repeated thousands of times throughout childhood till at last the child’s mind is these suggestions †¦ the mind that judges and desires and decides†¦ (Huxley, 25). Psychological conditioning in the new world is much like the television programs of today. The programs repeatedly tell their obedient worshippers to consume name brand material and to follow the lifestyles of the characters in the programs while the true masterminds slowly take away their devoted members’ hard-earned wealth. The psychological conditioning limits the mental freedom of the citizens so that they are never at liberty to decide what they wantShow MoreRelatedBrave New World Discussion Questions1321 Words   |  6 PagesBrave New World Discussion Questions Question 1: Each novel immerses us, instantly, into a world that simultaneously is foreign and familiar. Establish the characteristics of the society that the author creates and analyze the intricacies (complexities) of the society being presented. In what ways is it like and unlike our own society? In Aldous Huxley’s science fiction novel Brave New World, a distinct society is illustrated. The author depicts a civilization that is specifically based on severalRead MoreThe New World And Fahrenheit 451 Essay864 Words   |  4 PagesUS Secretary of the Treasury, once said â€Å"if you do not stand for something, you will fall for anything.† The formation of an individual’s beliefs, sense of belonging, and sense of community all stem from the realization of self identification. Brave New World and Fahrenheit 451 both depict a futuristic society where self identification is either being stripped from citizens or has been completely eradicated altogether. The rise of technology in both societies has usurped the importance of knowledgeRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World 1820 Words   |  8 Pagespeople will sometimes go through in order to make this a reality. Aldous Huxley attempts to explain the so called â€Å"steps† that are taken to assure the happiness of a â€Å"community† controlled by a totalitarian government and how this government creates a false sense of stability in order to manipulate its citizens’ minds thus creating this Brave New World. The World State lives by the motto, â€Å"Community. Identity. Stability.†, this stability being defined as a time in which there is no visible violence,Read MoreSignificance Of Satire In Brave New World by Huxley819 Words   |  4 Pagesreading the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, Catch-22 by Joseph Heller and Slaughterhouse-5 by Kurt Vonnegut, two questions came to mind. What is the connection the author is trying to make to our world, and what is the author trying to change in the world? These are all either a comic satire, or tragic satire. However, they all use sharp wit in order to discredit some of the most vile vices in our world, or just social convention for that matter. This is seen in Brave New World, the dilemma ofRead More Brave New World Research Paper1857 Words   |  8 PagesBrave New World by Aldous Huxley shows how scientific advances could and have destroyed human values. Huxley wrote Brave New World in 1932, and most of the technologies he examines in the book have, to some extent, turned into realities. He expresses the concern that society has been neglecting human-being distinction in the progression of worshipping technology. In the story there are no mothers or fathers and people are produced on a meeting line where they are classified before birth. They alsoRead MoreAldous Huxley And Orwell s Dystopian Dispute1882 Words   |  8 PagesHuxley and Orwell’s Dystopian Dispute This essay aims to note the various ways in which our modern times share, although diluted, notable aspects central to the dystopian cities in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World and the setting called Oceania in 1894 by George Orwell. In both novels the reality of its citizens have been sculpted by a direct effort from the residing government. Their aim is principally at controlling the one facet that guides and motivates humans, their seeking of pleasure. TheirRead MoreEssay about Analysis of Brave New World by Aldous Huxley2282 Words   |  10 PagesAnalysis of Brave New World by Aldous Huxley Brave New World by Aldous Huxley was published in 1932 after two major global events- World War Two from 1914-1918 and The Great Depression of 1929-1933. These two events changed the way people saw the world and made people see the events were beyond the control of individuals and even governments. Also at this time the world was seeing the rise in technology and the view that science could help solve some of the problems. Much of the technologyRead MoreA World Without Love Is A Deadly Place1629 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A world without love is a deadly place† serves as a warning to the doomed society of the World State in this new world (Fisher 1). In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, â€Å"pain, suffering, and unhappiness are virtually unknown because basic needs are provided for all, and soma tablets are readily available should anyone feel anxious or sad† (Morgan, Shanahan, Welsh 130). The civilization is equipped with a drug called soma. Soma is used to destroy any feeling of sadness or negative feelings; it is partRead MoreBrave New World By Aldous Huxley1603 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone is always looking to have the most relationships or to be accepted and popular. However, people often forget the value of having a few strong relationships. Aldous Huxley s dystopian novel,  ¨Brave New World ¨, takes place in futuristic London, in a society that values stabil ity and community above all else. Close relationships are seen as dangerous and unstable because strong emotion supposedly leads to misery. To prevent emotion, the government only allows people to have shallow sexualRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale And Brave New World1448 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough The Handmaid’s Tale by Margret Atwood and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley involve different stories, the societies portrayed in these two dystopic novels lack the basic freedoms needed for a society to function properly. These novels present an individual whose freedom has been stripped away by a government that controls all aspects of their life -knowledge, individuality, relationships with others- in order to maintain stability in a fragile society. The Handmaid s Tale studies our human

The Microsoft Antitrust Case - 11234 Words

The Microsoft Antitrust Case A Case Study For MBA Students by Nicholas Economides* Revised April 2003 Abstract This case study discusses briefly the economic and legal issues pertaining to the antitrust case of the United States and a number of States against Microsoft. * Stern School of Business, New York University, New York, NY 10012, (212) 9980864, fax (212) 995-4218, http://www.stern.nyu.edu/networks/, neconomi@stern.nyu.edu Copyright  ©, N. Economides 2 Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Facts ............................................................................................................................. 3 Antitrust Law On Monopolization And Attempting To Monopolize .......................... 7 Economics Of†¦show more content†¦The 1991-1993 and 1993-1994 investigations by the Federal Trade Commission (â€Å"FTC†) ended with no lawsuits. The 1994 investigation 2 by the United States Department of Justice (â€Å"DOJ†) was terminated with a consent decree in 1995. 3 The key provisions of the 1995 consent decree were: 1. Microsoft agreed to end â€Å"per-processor† (zero marginal price) contracts with computer manufacturers (Original Equipment Manufacturers, â€Å"OEMs†) but it was allowed to use unrestricted quantity discounts. 2. â€Å"Microsoft shall not enter into any License Agreement in which the terms of that agreement are expressly or impliedly conditioned upon the licensing of any other Covered Product, Operating System Software product or other product (provided, 1 Microsoft produces software, including operating systems for PC (Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000), operating systems for local network and Internet servers (Windows NT, 2000), â€Å"back-office† products for network and Internet servers, Internet clients, Internet and network servers, desktop applications (Office, Word, Excel, Access, Outlook, PowerPoint, MS-Money, etc.), games, and programming languages (Visual Basic, Java). Microsoft also produces services, including Internet service (MSN, WebTV), Internet content (MSN), and product support, and some hardware such as branded mice, keyboards, etc. USDOJ sued Microsoft on July 15, 1994, under Section 2 of the ShermanShow MoreRelatedMicrosoft Antitrust Case1007 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor: Dr. Chemene Crawford Date due: 06/03/2006 The Anti-Trust Case against Microsoft Microsoft was founded in 1975 by founder Bill Gates, a former Harvard drop out (Lawrence, 455). The business grew and controlled 90% of the market for operating systems, with revenues of over nineteen billion dollars per year (Lawrence, 455). In the nineteen nineties, the Internet generation was starting to explode and Microsoft new that it would be a profitable market. This led to their approachRead MoreThe Microsoft Antitrust Case Essay1365 Words   |  6 PagesThe Microsoft Antitrust Case The Microsoft Antitrust Case In 1998 the Microsoft Corporation was at the center of an investigation by the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) which alleged the company of violating the Sherman Act. The Sherman Act is considered the foundation of federal antitrust litigation, and is used to â€Å"combat anticompetitive practices, reduce market domination by individual corporations, and preserve unfettered competition as the rule of trade† (www.law.cornell.edu). The DOJRead More The Microsoft Antitrust Case Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pages The case against Microsoft was brought buy the U.S. Department of Justice, as well as several state Attorneys General. Microsoft is accused of using and maintaining monopoly power to gain an unfair advantage in the market. The case has been under observation for a long time, but the Justice department is having trouble coming up with substantial evidence against Microsoft. Specifically, the Department must prove:That Microsoft has monopoly power and is using it to gain unfair leverage in the marketRead MoreThe Antitrust Case Against Microsoft Essay1873 Words   |  8 PagesThe U.S. government charged that Microsoft had violated antitrust law. Microsoft disagreed. Do you agree with the U.S. government, or with Microsoft? In answering this question, you may wish to address two issues. Was Microsoft a monopoly? Did it use its monopoly to compete unfairly against other companies? Commencing in 1990, Microsoft was investigated and then charged with violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act which governs United States businesses. The company was determined to be a monopolyRead MoreUnited States V Microsoft: a Case for Antitrust Ethics Courses1182 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States v Microsoft: a Case for Antitrust Ethics Courses Eva Marie Cole BUS 670 Prof. Troy Tureau October 17, 2011 United States v Microsoft: a Case for Antitrust Ethics Courses In 1994, Microsoft Corporation was sued by the Department of Justice on behalf of the United States for violating  §2 of the Sherman Act â€Å"†¦by engaging in monopolization through a series of exclusionary and anticompetitive acts designed to maintain its monopoly power† (Mallor, Barnes, Bowers, amp; Langvardt,Read More The Microsoft Anti-Trust Case: Presidential Candidate Recommendations1545 Words   |  7 PagesThe Microsoft Anti-Trust Case: Presidential Candidate Recommendations The Microsoft Antitrust Case is essentially the clash of two separate ideals, the key issue being how much influence the government should have in the marketplace. According to the U.S. Justice Department, Microsoft is in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, which states: â€Å"Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolizeRead MoreCompetition Is The Cornerstone Of Capitalism1499 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Theodore Roosevelt to launch his famous trust busting campaigns. The era of antitrust legislation comes from the Sherman Act of 1890. The Antitrust laws were based on the constitutional power of Congress to control and limit American business. The Sherman Act makes monopolization illegal. One of the most famously known companies to fall victim to Antitrust laws in modern history was Standard Oil in 1911. This case set precedents for future conglomerates by acknowledging their monopolistic tacticsRead MoreEssay on Microsoft vs. The Government: A Mandate for Compromise1586 Words   |  7 PagesMicrosoft vs. The Government Although somewhat ironic, by now it is not surprising when the pioneer of an enormous industry becomes the focus of controversy. Such is the case for Microsoft Corp., which is currently undergoing many accusations of breaking antitrust laws. Some would argue that the corporation is making deliberate efforts to monopolize the software industry, while those naturally in favor of big business would encourage Microsoft’s â€Å"survival of the fittest† businessRead MoreBill Gates and Microsoft1662 Words   |  7 PagesBill Gates and Microsoft â€Å"Microsoft was founded based on my vision of a personal computer on every desk and in every home, all running Microsoft software,† Bill Gates once remarked (Stevenson). Everyone has their own dream but this was Bill Gates dream when he first co-founded Microsoft. This dream came to haunt him 12 years later when he was caught. Microsoft was charged with using its power to eliminate its competitor in the Web-browser market in the mid-90s (Stevenson). Bill Gates’ dreamsRead MoreMicrosoft: An Examination of Monopolies1023 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Microsoft: An Examination of Monopolies Introduction This paper examines the nature of monopolies and the anti-trust policies developed by the government to discourage them. It specifically considers Microsoft and the case brought against it by the Federal government to prevent its becoming a software monopoly. In many cases, the government is justified in pursuing such anti-monopoly policies to protect competition and by extension the consumer. There are some instances, however, when allowing

The Role of Performance Measurement in Business Process Re-Engineering Free Essays

The purpose of this business study is to test the performance measurement system (PMS) and its interaction with development implementing standard deviation (SD). PMS is the essential of business process engineering (BPR) that is a significant theory in analyzing the interaction between the correlation of PMS, empowerment, integration, and strategic alignment. The object is to understand the unities between companies that undergo strategic modification to progress effectiveness and thrive efficiently. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Performance Measurement in Business Process Re-Engineering or any similar topic only for you Order Now The testing of the hypothesis consists of two companies from the Bahrain Economy a major sector in manufacturing and finance as well as other companies within the sector. â€Å"The total of returned responds were 301 from 19 manufacturing and 30 financial companies. The companies deviate in age, number of employees, profits, range of products, or services. The individual respondents range from managerial position, experience, and length of employment† (Kuwaiti Kay, 2013, para. 7, p. 4). The BPR emphasize on restructuring and reevaluating a business. The research questions: How is the performance of PMS a criterion to the principles of change? How is the performance of empowerment, integration, and strategic alignment correlation tested in determining the effective in change? The hypothesis of the study: H1: The significant and correlation PMS is as a criterion for the effective formation and operation of BPR and the PMS can act as a resource to change in empowerment, integration, and strategic alignment. The hypothesis testing included congruence PMS is the responding variable,  and the four explanatory variables. The statistical formula used to determine the score range is the standard deviation (SD). For example, â€Å"for empowerment the results range from a maximum of 40 (highly empowered) to a minimum of 10 (least empowered) the mean is 29.8 with a SD of 5.75 and a maximum possible score is (14*5) 70† (Kuwaiti Kay, 2013, para. 5, p. 6). The PMS interaction with two of the explanatory variables is weak when measuring the range. Therefore, the hypothesis supports the relationship with strategic alignment and a modest support for empowerment. The main findings of the study: A well-defined PMS process will improve the changes within a business because PMS emphasis on premeditated purposes before initiating on different levels of business development. How to cite The Role of Performance Measurement in Business Process Re-Engineering, Essays

Ethical Leadership Organizational Management

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Leadership Organizational Management. Answer: The training session is based on the broad level of improving the workplace communication. This training session is developed for the mid-level employees and low-level employees in the organization. This training session is developed for the organizations in the service industry, for example, restaurants, hospitals, etc. The specific topic of this training session is to educate the employees about the importance of informal communication at workplace. The specific topic can be listed as: How to communicate informally with other employees, managers and leaders in the organization? Definition: Informal communication occurs outside an organization's established channels of sending and receiving messages Informal Communication at workplace will require managers to articulate their own values, identifythe values that they believe should guide the organization, and then communicatethose values to their followers in word and deed. Ample information exists to reinforce the need for leaders to communicate their organizations values inside and outside their organization. Under values based leadership, the manager communicates his/her own personal values and the values of the organization through both words and actions. In other words, under value-based leadership, leaders personify and embody the values of the organization both inside and outside of the organization. Therefore, it is important that communicate the right values authenticity, ethicality, and charismatic leadership constructs. Inside the organization, i.e. the leader will communicate to the employees his values, which in turn are the organizational values. And the same values will be communicated to the customers, the community and the governments. It goes beyond the codes of ethics that organizations often set at a foundational element for ones beliefs, values and actions to where the perceptions of follows see leaders walking the talk that is communicated to the mass noting the discrepancies between the words and actions. Hassan et al., (2014) suggest moral principles are often grounded through the inter-relationships, communication, reinforcements and decision-making in ones morals, values and integrity to shape the culture as a whole. Types of Informal communication methods at workplace: Talking with colleagues about the personal matter Friendly email or message to colleague Chatting with colleague about anything other than work Congratulating others employees in the organization Shaking hand and hugging colleague Lunchtime gossips Key attributes of Informal communication at workplace: Open communication is a key component to making it all work Leaders must utilize an effective communication strategy and rewards system to promote ethical culture among organizational members. Value focused leadership corrects many of the potentially detrimental effects of high-paced communication and technology by bringing valued focus to organizational culture and empowering organizations to take ethically correct courses of action even when it would be more profitable to do otherwise (Mody Mody, 2012). Organizational culture has a key role to develop a platform where employees can practice informal communication at work place. Advantages of Informal communication at workplace It helps to spread the information quickly in the organizational setting It helps to reduce the social pressure in the organization It helps the employees to reduce the stress levels in employees Informal communication helps to overcome the bureaucracy and hierarchical level in the organizations. With the focus on informal communication at workplace, individuals may conform to the group norm, consciously or unconsciously; change their attitudes to justify their overt behaviors; abandon their personal responsibility; or adhere to social roles, even when their morals are tested. Leaders develop context for personnel within the organizational structure by communicating a clear, concise vision of expectations (Schneider, Ehrhart, Macey, 2013). Value based leadership enables leaders to effectively cultivate ethical organizational cultures. Fulmer and Ostroff, (2016) suggest the social systems are composed of social process and communication where the repeated patterns from leaders become consistent in the responses and lower level leaders influence through the delegation of work task or assignments within the workstructure in the creation of a climate.For example a manager may perceive the manager has communicated job accountabilities effectively to an employee. As part of the leadership role it is important to train and evaluate managers on an ongoing business. Real time feedback between leadership and managers and real time feedback between managers and employees can support ongoing communication on accountabilities and it can happen through informal communication (Trevino Brown, 2003). Concluding Remarks Leaders are essential in communicating organizational values inside and outside of the organization because by this being done, followers can hear and see the importance of organizational values straight from leadership. The most effective leaders understand that people come in all shapes and sizes and one type of leadership many not serve well in every situation. For these reasons and others leaders have to remain true to their core values so that the message sent to others below can follow the same path. Therefore, the leaders must establish the platform of informal communication. Good and effective feedback is paramount to the accountability of employees and the supervisor and the feedback could be given with informal communication methods also. In order for a person to grow and be effective within an organization, it is important to understand what is expected of them and if they are adequately performing there job tasks and meeting expectations or need improvement. It is important that leaders, managers and employees should focus on the combination of formal and informal communication channels. References Fulmer, C. A., Ostroff, C. (2016). Convergence and emergence in organizations: An integrative framework and review.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37, S122-S145. doi:10.1002/job.1987 Hassan, S., Wright, B. E., Yukl, G. (2014). Does ethical leadership matter in government? effects on organizational commitment, absenteeism, and willingness to report ethical problems. Public Admin Review74(3) 333-343. Mody, M., Mody, M. (2012). Value based leadership and organizational effectiveness.EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies,2(12), 216-219. Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M. G., Macey, W. H. (2013). Organizational climate and culture.Annual Review of Psychology,64(1), 361-388. doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143809 Trevino, L. K., Brown, M., Hartman, L. P. (2003). A qualitative investigation of perceived executive ethical leadership: Perceptions from inside and outside the executive suite.Human Relations,56(1), 5-37. doi:10.1177/0018726703056001448.